Groundbreaking Research Shows Journalists Can Restore Media Trust
December 10, 2018
Baton Rouge, LA – In a first-of-its-kind study from Louisiana State University’s Manship School of
Mass Communication, researchers discovered journalists can increase media trust by speaking out in defense of their profession while also doing more fact checking.
Contrary to long-established practices in which journalists traditionally ignore attacks
against their profession’s credibility, Ray Pingree, Ph.D., and his team found that the combination of fact checking and defending journalism
had positive effects, but fact checking alone did not. This combination increased
trust in and use of mainstream news, while also increasing confidence in the existence
and attainability of facts in politics.
The research was published Monday in the open-access research journal PLOS One. This is the first time any study has analyzed what happens to trust in media when journalists defend their profession.
“We know from past research that attacks on the media decrease media trust, and until now, researchers had not looked at what would happen if journalists responded defending their profession, probably because until recently journalists almost never did that,” said Pingree. “Traditionally journalists assume that ignoring attacks and just doing good journalism is the best way to prove the critics wrong. But when one side attacks over and over again and the other doesn’t respond, at some point people assume that journalists have conceded the point that they’re biased.”
Pingree created a custom news portal environment for this study that contained real news stories drawn automatically from Google News. Study participants were paid to use this as their main news source for a week, and were free to choose which articles to read. For half the study’s participants, a few editorials defending journalism were added to the news feed. Separately, a randomly assigned half of participants had fact checking stories added to their news feed. Pingree and his team then measured how study participants’ trust in media changed. The study showed that without defense of journalism, fact checking had no effects on media trust, but when participants were exposed to defenses of journalism, their trust in media increased, along with their confidence in an ability to decide which political facts to believe.
Pingree stresses the real-world implications of this study, which offer new hope that journalists can restore media trust and ultimately make facts matter again in politics by occasionally responding to anti-media rhetoric while also doing more fact checking. Readers who share news on social media could also help reverse the trend of media distrust by occasionally sharing an editorial defending journalism and a few fact-checking stories, he said.
“This innovative work underscores the importance and relevance of the public policy and media research underway today at the Manship School,” Martin Johnson, Ph.D., dean of the Manship School said. “We think of it as a public service, and we hope it informs not only journalists but news consumers around the world.”
This study was funded by the George D. Nelson Professorship, an internal research grant for the Manship School.
You can find the full publication online at PLOS One.
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LSU’s Manship School of Mass Communication ranks among the strongest collegiate communication programs in the country, with its robust emphasis on media and public affairs. It offers undergraduate degrees in public relations, journalism, political communication, digital advertising and pre-law, along with four graduate degree programs: master of mass communication, Ph.D. in media and public affairs, certificate of strategic communication, and dual MMC/law degree. Its public relations students were recently ranked the #1 team in the nation, and its digital advertising and student media teams frequently earn national recognition.